Black and White Photography for Sale

Photography, Water Mouths Monochrome (3), Tyler Shields

Water Mouths Monochrome (3)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 160 x 213.4 cm Photography - 63 x 84 inch

€48,507

Photography, Water Mouths Monochrome (2), Tyler Shields

Water Mouths Monochrome (2)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 144.8 x 182.9 cm Photography - 57 x 72 inch

€24,254

Photography, Water Mouths Monochrome (1), Tyler Shields

Water Mouths Monochrome (1)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 81.3 x 101.6 cm Photography - 32 x 40 inch

€9,701

Photography, Smoke Mouth (4), Tyler Shields

Smoke Mouth (4)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 177.8 x 177.8 cm Photography - 70 x 70 inch

€48,507

Photography, Smoke Mouth (3), Tyler Shields

Smoke Mouth (3)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 152.4 x 152.4 cm Photography - 60 x 60 inch

€19,403

Photography, Smoke Mouth (2), Tyler Shields

Smoke Mouth (2)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 114.3 x 114.3 cm Photography - 45 x 45 inch

€9,701

Photography, Glitter Pill (4), Tyler Shields

Glitter Pill (4)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 177.8 x 177.8 cm Photography - 70 x 70 inch

€48,507

Photography, Glitter Pill (3), Tyler Shields

Glitter Pill (3)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 152.4 x 152.4 cm Photography - 60 x 60 inch

€24,254

Photography, Lion Tamer (3), Tyler Shields

Lion Tamer (3)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 114.3 x 152.4 cm Photography - 45 x 60 inch

€14,552

Photography, Lion Tamer (2), Tyler Shields

Lion Tamer (2)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 76.2 x 101.6 cm Photography - 30 x 40 inch

€9,701

Photography, Golden Nugget (5), Tyler Shields

Golden Nugget (5)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 170.2 x 213.4 cm Photography - 67 x 84 inch

€48,507

Photography, Golden Nugget (4), Tyler Shields

Golden Nugget (4)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 144.8 x 182.9 cm Photography - 57 x 72 inch

€24,254

Photography, Drive In (2), Tyler Shields

Drive In (2)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 114.3 x 152.4 cm Photography - 45 x 60 inch

€14,552

Photography, Drive In (1), Tyler Shields

Drive In (1)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 76.2 x 101.6 cm Photography - 30 x 40 inch

€9,701

Photography, Tone (3), Tyler Shields

Tone (3)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 160 x 213.4 cm Photography - 63 x 84 inch

€48,507

Photography, Tone (2), Tyler Shields

Tone (2)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 142.2 x 182.9 cm Photography - 56 x 72 inch

€24,254

Photography, Tone (1), Tyler Shields

Tone (1)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 114.3 x 152.4 cm Photography - 45 x 60 inch

€14,552

Photography, The Mystery of the Helicopter (3), Tyler Shields

The Mystery of the Helicopter (3)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 121.9 x 182.9 cm Photography - 48 x 72 inch

€24,254

Photography, The Mystery of the Helicopter (2), Tyler Shields

The Mystery of the Helicopter (2)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 114.3 x 152.4 cm Photography - 45 x 60 inch

€14,552

Photography, The Mystery of the Helicopter (1), Tyler Shields

The Mystery of the Helicopter (1)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 76.2 x 101.6 cm Photography - 30 x 40 inch

€9,701

Photography, Provocateur (1), Tyler Shields

Provocateur (1)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 76.2 x 101.6 cm Photography - 30 x 40 inch

€9,701

Photography, Provocateur (2), Tyler Shields

Provocateur (2)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 101.6 x 152.4 cm Photography - 40 x 60 inch

€14,552

Photography, Provocateur (3), Tyler Shields

Provocateur (3)

Tyler Shields

Photography - 160 x 213.4 cm Photography - 63 x 84 inch

€48,507

Photography, Flower Girl, Tyler Shields

Flower Girl

Tyler Shields

Photography - 76.2 x 76.2 cm Photography - 30 x 30 inch

€4,636

Photography, Floating memories 03, Yasuo Kiyonaga

Floating memories 03

Yasuo Kiyonaga

Photography - 40.6 x 50.8 x 0.3 cm Photography - 16 x 20 x 0.1 inch

€800

Photography, L'Envers, Christelle Yambayisa

L'Envers

Christelle Yambayisa

Photography - 70 x 105 x 2 cm Photography - 27.6 x 41.3 x 0.8 inch

€1,900

Photography, Retranchement, Christelle Yambayisa

Retranchement

Christelle Yambayisa

Photography - 70 x 105 x 2 cm Photography - 27.6 x 41.3 x 0.8 inch

€1,900

Photography, 31.12.2017, Prisca Lobjoy

31.12.2017

Prisca Lobjoy

Photography - 18 x 27 cm Photography - 7.1 x 10.6 inch

€900

Photography, Series "Pipes" No. 08, Kat Zhivetin

Series "Pipes" No. 08

Kat Zhivetin

Photography - 29.7 x 42 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.7 x 16.5 x 0 inch

€669

Photography, Series "Pipes" No. 07, Kat Zhivetin

Series "Pipes" No. 07

Kat Zhivetin

Photography - 29.7 x 42 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.7 x 16.5 x 0 inch

€669

Photography, Series "Pipes" No. 06, Kat Zhivetin

Series "Pipes" No. 06

Kat Zhivetin

Photography - 29.7 x 42 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.7 x 16.5 x 0 inch

€669

Photography, Series "Pipes" No. 05, Kat Zhivetin

Series "Pipes" No. 05

Kat Zhivetin

Photography - 29.7 x 42 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.7 x 16.5 x 0 inch

€669

Photography, Chanel Silhouette II, Tyler Shields

Chanel Silhouette II

Tyler Shields

Photography - 76.2 x 76.2 cm Photography - 30 x 30 inch

€4,851

Photography, Chanel Silhouette II, Tyler Shields

Chanel Silhouette II

Tyler Shields

Photography - 45.7 x 45.7 cm Photography - 18 x 18 inch

€2,425

Photography, Un jardin pour Eugène D. #09, FLORE Photographer

Un jardin pour Eugène D. #09

FLORE Photographer

Photography - 50 x 40 x 1 cm Photography - 19.7 x 15.7 x 0.4 inch

€3,600

Photography, Un jardin pour Eugène D. #02, FLORE Photographer

Un jardin pour Eugène D. #02

FLORE Photographer

Photography - 50 x 40 x 1 cm Photography - 19.7 x 15.7 x 0.4 inch

€3,600

Photography, Ghost, Mourad Cherifi

Ghost

Mourad Cherifi

Photography - 40 x 60 x 0.02 cm Photography - 15.7 x 23.6 x 0 inch

€1,350

Photography, André Villers Photograph of Picasso's Atelier, André Villers

André Villers Photograph of Picasso's Atelier

André Villers

Photography - 48.9 x 41.28 x 0.1 cm Photography - 19.3 x 16.3 x 0 inch

€3,500

Photography, André Villers Photograph of Picasso, André Villers

André Villers Photograph of Picasso

André Villers

Photography - 49.53 x 58.4 x 0.1 cm Photography - 19.5 x 23 x 0 inch

€3,500

Photography, André Villers Photograph of Picasso, André Villers

André Villers Photograph of Picasso

André Villers

Photography - 53.34 x 48.26 x 0.1 cm Photography - 21 x 19 x 0 inch

€3,500

Photography, André Villers Photograph of Picasso, André Villers

André Villers Photograph of Picasso

André Villers

Photography - 40.64 x 50.8 x 0.1 cm Photography - 16 x 20 x 0 inch

€3,500

Photography, One sided, Arnaud Ele

One sided

Arnaud Ele

Photography - 118.8 x 84 x 0.2 cm Photography - 46.8 x 33.1 x 0.1 inch

€1,380

Photography, Coluche - Iconic portraits, Arnaud Baumann

Coluche - Iconic portraits

Arnaud Baumann

Photography - 90 x 60 x 0.1 cm Photography - 35.4 x 23.6 x 0 inch

€1,400

Photography, Soir d'automne, Philippe Grincourt

Soir d'automne

Philippe Grincourt

Photography - 34 x 51 x 0.1 cm Photography - 13.4 x 20.1 x 0 inch

€160

Photography, Le Totem, Philippe Grincourt

Le Totem

Philippe Grincourt

Photography - 51 x 34 x 0.1 cm Photography - 20.1 x 13.4 x 0 inch

€160

Photography, La Penzé, Philippe Grincourt

La Penzé

Philippe Grincourt

Photography - 34 x 51 x 0.1 cm Photography - 13.4 x 20.1 x 0 inch

€160

Photography, La Plage, Philippe Grincourt

La Plage

Philippe Grincourt

Photography - 34 x 51 x 0.1 cm Photography - 13.4 x 20.1 x 0 inch

€160

Photography, L'ile Louët et le château du Taureau, Philippe Grincourt

L'ile Louët et le château du Taureau

Philippe Grincourt

Photography - 34 x 51 x 0.1 cm Photography - 13.4 x 20.1 x 0 inch

€160

Photography, Notre Dame de Callot, Philippe Grincourt

Notre Dame de Callot

Philippe Grincourt

Photography - 34 x 51 x 0.1 cm Photography - 13.4 x 20.1 x 0 inch

€160

Photography, Balaena IV, Paula Golemo

Balaena IV

Paula Golemo

Photography - 30 x 40 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 15.7 x 0 inch

€180

Photography, Balaena I, Paula Golemo

Balaena I

Paula Golemo

Photography - 40 x 40 x 0.1 cm Photography - 15.7 x 15.7 x 0 inch

€180

Photography, Marion - Île de beaulieu - Nantes - série Danse photo Noir et Blanc, Lucas Perrigot

Marion - Île de beaulieu - Nantes - série Danse photo Noir et Blanc

Lucas Perrigot

Photography - 30 x 40 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 15.7 x 0 inch

€290

Photography, Kévin - Le mur - La poste - Nantes - série Danse photo Noir et Blanc, Lucas Perrigot

Kévin - Le mur - La poste - Nantes - série Danse photo Noir et Blanc

Lucas Perrigot

Photography - 30 x 40 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 15.7 x 0 inch

€290

Photography, Jessie - Halles Alstom - Nantes - série photo Danse Noir et Blanc, Lucas Perrigot

Jessie - Halles Alstom - Nantes - série photo Danse Noir et Blanc

Lucas Perrigot

Photography - 30 x 40 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 15.7 x 0 inch

€290

Photography, MC Solaar, Daddy Lord C et JP Manova - Médiathèque Françoise Sagan - Paris - Concert de JP Manova pour la radio Le Mouv' - série photo Noir et Blanc, Lucas Perrigot

MC Solaar, Daddy Lord C et JP Manova - Médiathèque Françoise Sagan - Paris - Concert de JP Manova pour la radio Le Mouv' - série photo Noir et Blanc

Lucas Perrigot

Photography - 30 x 40 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 15.7 x 0 inch

€290

Photography, Pépé, une seconde avant - Festival Fête du Bruit - Saint Nolff - Concert du groupe Deluxe - série photo Noir et Blanc, Lucas Perrigot

Pépé, une seconde avant - Festival Fête du Bruit - Saint Nolff - Concert du groupe Deluxe - série photo Noir et Blanc

Lucas Perrigot

Photography - 30 x 40 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 15.7 x 0 inch

€290

Photography, Pépé, saxophoniste du groupe Deluxe - Le Stéréolux - Nantes - Dans les coulisses de l'Olympia d'Ibeyi - série photo Noir et Blanc, Lucas Perrigot

Pépé, saxophoniste du groupe Deluxe - Le Stéréolux - Nantes - Dans les coulisses de l'Olympia d'Ibeyi - série photo Noir et Blanc

Lucas Perrigot

Photography - 30 x 40 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 15.7 x 0 inch

€290

Photography, L'homme à la guitare - Le Trianon - Paris - Avant première du concert de Guts - série photo Noir et Blanc, Lucas Perrigot

L'homme à la guitare - Le Trianon - Paris - Avant première du concert de Guts - série photo Noir et Blanc

Lucas Perrigot

Photography - 30 x 40 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 15.7 x 0 inch

€290

Photography, IBEYI23 Olympia - L'Olympia - Paris - Dans les coulisses de l'Olympia d'Ibeyi - série photo Noir et Blanc, Lucas Perrigot

IBEYI23 Olympia - L'Olympia - Paris - Dans les coulisses de l'Olympia d'Ibeyi - série photo Noir et Blanc

Lucas Perrigot

Photography - 30 x 40 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 15.7 x 0 inch

€290

Photography, Dany Dan - La Carrière - Saint Herblain 2013 - Dans les coulisses du festival Hip Opsession - série photo Noir et Blanc, Lucas Perrigot

Dany Dan - La Carrière - Saint Herblain 2013 - Dans les coulisses du festival Hip Opsession - série photo Noir et Blanc

Lucas Perrigot

Photography - 30 x 40 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 15.7 x 0 inch

€290

Photography, Emily - Le Bataclan - Concert de Jukebox Champions - Paris 2014 - série Photo Noir et Blanc, Lucas Perrigot

Emily - Le Bataclan - Concert de Jukebox Champions - Paris 2014 - série Photo Noir et Blanc

Lucas Perrigot

Photography - 30 x 40 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 15.7 x 0 inch

€290

Photography, André Villers Photograph of Picasso's Atelier, André Villers

André Villers Photograph of Picasso's Atelier

André Villers

Photography - 47 x 41.91 x 0.1 cm Photography - 18.5 x 16.5 x 0 inch

€3,500

Photography, Les sandales - série Une Vie de Moine, Jean-François Talivez

Les sandales - série Une Vie de Moine

Jean-François Talivez

Photography - 35 x 35 x 0.1 cm Photography - 13.8 x 13.8 x 0 inch

€440

Photography, Les sandales 2 - série Une Vie de Moine, Jean-François Talivez

Les sandales 2 - série Une Vie de Moine

Jean-François Talivez

Photography - 30 x 30 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 11.8 x 0 inch

€440

Photography, Le barbu - série Une Vie de Moine, Jean-François Talivez

Le barbu - série Une Vie de Moine

Jean-François Talivez

Photography - 30 x 30 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 11.8 x 0 inch

€440

Photography, Le sucre, Père Jean-Joseph - série Une Vie de Moine, Jean-François Talivez

Le sucre, Père Jean-Joseph - série Une Vie de Moine

Jean-François Talivez

Photography - 30 x 30 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 11.8 x 0 inch

€440

Photography, L'évier - série Une Vie de Moine, Jean-François Talivez

L'évier - série Une Vie de Moine

Jean-François Talivez

Photography - 30 x 30 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 11.8 x 0 inch

€440

Photography, L'Escalier - série Une Vie de Moine, Jean-François Talivez

L'Escalier - série Une Vie de Moine

Jean-François Talivez

Photography - 30 x 30 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 11.8 x 0 inch

€440

Photography, Tonsure, la valse - série Une Vie de Moine, Jean-François Talivez

Tonsure, la valse - série Une Vie de Moine

Jean-François Talivez

Photography - 30 x 30 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 11.8 x 0 inch

€440

Photography, Tonsure, humilité, Jean-François Talivez

Tonsure, humilité

Jean-François Talivez

Photography - 30 x 30 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 11.8 x 0 inch

€440

Photography, Père Pio-Marie, Jean-François Talivez

Père Pio-Marie

Jean-François Talivez

Photography - 30 x 30 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 11.8 x 0 inch

€440

Photography, Les trois carreaux, Jean-François Talivez

Les trois carreaux

Jean-François Talivez

Photography - 30 x 30 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 11.8 x 0 inch

€440

Photography, L'Ampoule, Jean-François Talivez

L'Ampoule

Jean-François Talivez

Photography - 30 x 30 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 11.8 x 0 inch

€440

Photography, Fresh News #1 - série Reflects & Transparencies, Anna Levesh

Fresh News #1 - série Reflects & Transparencies

Anna Levesh

Photography - 60 x 45 cm Photography - 23.6 x 17.7 inch

€750

Photography, 8th Position Silhouette, Tyler Shields

8th Position Silhouette

Tyler Shields

Photography - 45.7 x 45.7 cm Photography - 18 x 18 inch

€14,552

Photography, Petit Prince, Jean François Humbert

Petit Prince

Jean François Humbert

Photography - 80 x 120 x 0.15 cm Photography - 31.5 x 47.2 x 0.1 inch

€3,448

Photography, Un jardin pour Eugène D. #10, FLORE Photographer

Un jardin pour Eugène D. #10

FLORE Photographer

Photography - 50 x 40 x 1 cm Photography - 19.7 x 15.7 x 0.4 inch

€5,100

Photography, On Guard, Drew Doggett

On Guard

Drew Doggett

Photography - 45.7 x 68.6 x 0.3 cm Photography - 18 x 27 x 0.1 inch

€1,601

Photography, Over the Rail, Drew Doggett

Over the Rail

Drew Doggett

Photography - 45.7 x 68.6 x 0.3 cm Photography - 18 x 27 x 0.1 inch

€1,601

Photography, Reflecting landscape 11, Yasuo Kiyonaga

Reflecting landscape 11

Yasuo Kiyonaga

Photography - 80 x 30 x 0.1 cm Photography - 31.5 x 11.8 x 0 inch

€1,400

Photography, The Art of Distortion 8, Paula Golemo

The Art of Distortion 8

Paula Golemo

Photography - 40 x 32 x 0.1 cm Photography - 15.7 x 12.6 x 0 inch

€180

Photography, Balaena III, Paula Golemo

Balaena III

Paula Golemo

Photography - 40 x 40 x 0.1 cm Photography - 15.7 x 15.7 x 0 inch

€180

Photography, La Linea, James Sparshatt

La Linea

James Sparshatt

Photography - 40 x 50 cm Photography - 15.7 x 19.7 inch

€1,171

Photography, El amor, James Sparshatt

El amor

James Sparshatt

Photography - 40 x 50 cm Photography - 15.7 x 19.7 inch

€734

Photography, Dreamlike, Mourad Cherifi

Dreamlike

Mourad Cherifi

Photography - 30 x 45 x 0.02 cm Photography - 11.8 x 17.7 x 0 inch

€1,200

Photography, L'homme seul, New York 2018, Christelle Yambayisa

L'homme seul, New York 2018

Christelle Yambayisa

Photography - 105 x 70 x 1 cm Photography - 41.3 x 27.6 x 0.4 inch

€2,800

Photography, Expérience shopping, Alcúdia, Christelle Yambayisa

Expérience shopping, Alcúdia

Christelle Yambayisa

Photography - 70 x 105 x 1 cm Photography - 27.6 x 41.3 x 0.4 inch

€2,800

Photography, Fête Nat, Singapour, Christelle Yambayisa

Fête Nat, Singapour

Christelle Yambayisa

Photography - 70 x 105 x 1 cm Photography - 27.6 x 41.3 x 0.4 inch

€2,800

Photography, Bain de soleil à l'abri, Deauville, Christelle Yambayisa

Bain de soleil à l'abri, Deauville

Christelle Yambayisa

Photography - 70 x 105 x 1 cm Photography - 27.6 x 41.3 x 0.4 inch

€2,800

Photography, Dix petits moines - série Une Vie de Moine, Jean-François Talivez

Dix petits moines - série Une Vie de Moine

Jean-François Talivez

Photography - 24 x 35 x 0.1 cm Photography - 9.4 x 13.8 x 0 inch

€440

Photography, Tonsure, la cicatrice - série Une Vie de Moine, Jean-François Talivez

Tonsure, la cicatrice - série Une Vie de Moine

Jean-François Talivez

Photography - 30 x 30 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 11.8 x 0 inch

€440

Photography, Tonsure, de dos, Jean-François Talivez

Tonsure, de dos

Jean-François Talivez

Photography - 30 x 30 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 11.8 x 0 inch

€440

Photography, Balade en forêt, Jean-François Talivez

Balade en forêt

Jean-François Talivez

Photography - 30 x 30 x 0.1 cm Photography - 11.8 x 11.8 x 0 inch

€440

Black and White Photography for Sale

Black and white photography is today one of countless photographic techniques and yet it was at one time the only type of photography available. This is the reason why it often tends to be associated with historical works and a vintage feel.

In the 1830s, Nièpce discovered how to print images onto metal plates. When he died in 1833, Louis Daguerre, followed by Francois Arago, continued to develop his research, resulting in the invention of the daguerreotype which consisted of an image printed onto a silver plate when exposed to the light. Together they invented photography.

The first black and white photos began to appear. Initially used for research purposes, photography started to spread as daguerreotype studios opened everywhere. Black and white portraits immortalized the faces of the upper middle classes and would later be used to capture all members of society. Celebrities were also a popular subject choice and many photographers specialized in taking their portraits, as Jean-Loup Sieff did all throughout his career almost a century after the invention of photography.

The first colored photographs soon followed. The technique was invented as early as 1860 but was not put to use until a century later. In the meantime, many unforgettable artists began to demonstrate their talents for art photography. Street photography, for example, was a key trend during the 20th century, with major photographers such as Robert Doisneau, Brassi and Henri Cartier-Bresson capturing the urban landscape of the time. All three were masters of taking candid photos. They succeeded in making fleeting moments last forever in monochrome images. Sometimes humorous, sometimes romantic, or even just a little bizarre, they take us back in time to days gone by. Looking at such rare and fragile moments can be like going through old postcards from the past, and although we enjoy looking at them, they can provoke a sense of nostalgia and melancholy.

In the United States, the humanist Walker Evans led the way for black and white photography, capturing the daily life of modern America with his analogue camera, whether it be in the New York subway or on the highways of the Deep South. A little later, Robert Frank photographed the faces of America and the American people with his remarkable black and white shots, recognizable thanks to his highly distinctive photographic technique and composition.

Of course, black and white photography is not limited to the representation of everyday scenes. It can also sublimate landscapes, as demonstrated by Kasra's shots. The black and white blend perfectly with the long exposure to create an effect of softness, floating and the passage of time quite exceptional. We could also mention Michael Kenna and Ricky Cohete who particularly excel in this field.

Some works fascinate by the perfect complementarity of these two colors: black, which is often associated with nothingness and sadness, and white, which is associated with light and hope. In the West at least, because it can have a completely opposite meaning in other cultures like Japan. The union of these two shades accentuates the contrasts and highlights the forms in a sober and elegant way. It often directs our attention to a single subject.

Often used to provoke a feeling of nostalgia, black and white unconsciously inscribes the works in history by conveying a timeless message, frozen in time.

Artsper invites you to take a stroll through time with this selection of works by Brno Del Zou, Yevgeniy Repiashenko, Emmanuelle Barbaras, Bert Stern, Alexander Benz and Hervé Gloaguen.

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Need help with Black and White Photography ?
What does black and white mean in photography?

In photography, black and white means that all color has been removed from the image, leaving just shades of gray that span from black to white. This can either be done digitally or by using black and white film. 

What is good about black and white photography?

Many photographers and artists use black and white photography because it removes the distraction of color from an image. This can draw more focus to elements of the image such as the facial expression or gesture of the subject, the composition, or the shapes and textures.

What techniques are used in black and white photography?

Black and white photography is generally shot using the same equipment as color photography (although if film, using black and white film), but artists may optimise their results by looking for high contrast images, light sources, and interesting textures.