White

In physics, white is the sum of all the colours. To the human eye, white appears to be the total absence of colour. Amongst artists, white and its many uses in art are continuously evolving and challenging those who would embrace them. Is white, then, a non-colour, or an enhancer of colours? Intangible or material? Absence or excess?

Since Antiquity, white has been appreciated for its symbolic value. In Ancient Greece, where they would paint their statues, it was a sign of incompletion, whereas the Romans believed it showed pomp and imperialist virtue. With the rise of Christianity, white was used in opposition to black in order to emphasise moral dichotomies: the pure, divine white against the darkness. In some cases, however, white was used to show sickness or death, most notably in the pallid representations of the skeletal, crucified Christ.

In the Renaissance white was used to sublimate faces and backgrounds. Da Vinci even based his sfumato technique on the soft transition from light into darkness. Throughout the history of painting, white was considered precious for its ability to reflect light. It attracts the gaze even when used in the tiniest quantities, and illuminates the subject, drawing out stunning contrasts as seen in the works of Rembrandt, or in Vermeer's famous Girl with the Pearl Earring.

With the rise of Impressionism, white was used as the brightest tone amongst shades of grey. While Manet produced canvases which were forerunners to monochromes, including The Reader, which was almost pure white, Monet delivered a stunning gradient of whites whilst recreating the snow at his home in Giverny. The first true white monochrome appeared with the arrival of Malevitch's White Square on a White Background. The artist said 'I have broken the blue boundary of colour limits, and come out into the white'.

Modernists were equally passionate about white and valued it incredibly highly. Miro in particular questioned the status of white on canvases. In his painting Woman, Bird and Star white is in parts boldly painted, but is also distinctive for its absence around the star. Picasso, on the other hand, explored white in conjunction with his famous coloured periods. Piero Manzoni became famous thanks to his 'achromatic' paintings, a series of canvases produced exclusively in shades of white. Moving into the 20th century, white became synonymous with minimalist abstraction. For artists like Kandinsky, white was a cosmic colour, associated with a spiritual search for the absolute, guiding the artists as he seek to express his emotions.

Today, white remains an ever popular subject. Roman Opalka made his name creating a series of white numbers of a white background, while Daniel Arsham reinvents white walls in galleries by letting his artwork drip down onto them. White is a colour with multiple symbolic interpretations. The colour of divinity or humility; of purity and immaculate, of emptiness and absence, but always colour. If blue has Klein and red has Rothko, it appears that no artist has yet succeeded in fully mastering white – but maybe you'll find them in our selection!

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White

Madonna Monotype

Progreso

I capelli sono idee che stanno in testa

Twigs in a clear winter sky

Winter filigree reflection

Moon indigo reverie

Why not ?

She is

Excursion - Série habit de scène

Contact

3 Little kids

Forest convergence blue sky

Silent heights III

Acte II

Flake – Pain [20th anniversary bust]

Forêt d'Aloes

Le desespéré

Gypsum gift with bronze color bow

La danse

La partie de pétanque

Le saladier

Spring Hurts.

Plutocracia

Femme assise

Forest Gump

Weisheit

Wassermann

Selbstwert

Ballerina Odeta

Sudden view from the window at night

The dying swan

Dancer

Ballet

Margaux

Heruns xxl

Clair-Obscur.

Flamenco dance

Floral Diptych original oil paintings, Fuchsia Diptych

Consuelo

Les joueurs

Le partage

Town in Winter

Serie geisha 00082

Jeune fille et la mort

Corso

Two lovers

Hydro erosion

Au 21

Lea

Ecce homo

My 1984

L'hirondelle

Brigitte Bardot

Aileron

Magica Senna

Orpheus alone.

Motherhood, a creative force of divine origin

Sleep

Dream of the Thousand and One Nights Lights 2 - Rêve de Lumières des Mille et Une Nuits 2

Bouquet de fleurs

Arachne Metamorphosis

Still Life (Animals and Objects)

César Archibald

Rise with the breeze

Elegance

Impossible behaviour - 12