![Painting, Bühnenbild, Nina Lanner](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2177349_1_grid.jpg)
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![Painting, Bühnenbild, Nina Lanner](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2177349_1_grid.jpg)
![Print, Untitled, Lidia Masllorens](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2139024_1_grid.jpg)
![Print, Tränen: Hirschfuß, Joseph Beuys](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/16002_1_grid.jpg)
![Fine Art Drawings, Alpilles, Agnès Tiollier](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1944345_1_grid.jpg)
Alpilles
Agnès Tiollier
Fine Art Drawings - 50 x 70 x 0.18 cm Fine Art Drawings - 19.7 x 27.6 x 0.1 inch
$895
![Print, Vague, Najia Mehadji](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1941831_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Marty, Stefano Mazzolini](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1991220_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Viola, Stefano Mazzolini](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1991217_1_grid.jpg)
![Sculpture, La Mer Des Rêves - Round Edition, Vivianne Paris Panigiris](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2155306_1_grid.jpg)
La Mer Des Rêves - Round Edition
Vivianne Paris Panigiris
Sculpture - 40 x 40 x 5 cm Sculpture - 15.7 x 15.7 x 2 inch
$1,678
![Print, Creus i cor, Antoni Tapies](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/179989_1_grid.jpg)
![Print, Serpi i creu, Antoni Tapies](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/179947_1_grid.jpg)
![Print, Oracles et spectacles 5, Unica Zurn](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/135376_1_grid.jpg)
![Print, Oracles et spectacles 4, Unica Zurn](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/135370_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Fruchten, Nina Lanner](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1993626_1_grid.jpg)
![Photography, Nymphéas, Bertrand Desprez](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/256843_1_grid.jpg)
![Photography, Waterproof Mascara, Claude Guillaumin](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/208567_1_grid.jpg)
Waterproof Mascara
Claude Guillaumin
Photography - 40 x 60 x 0.5 cm Photography - 15.7 x 23.6 x 0.2 inch
$1,845
![Print, Au galop, au galop n'est pas rose, Wifredo Lam](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/150280_1_grid.jpg)
![Sculpture, Normal is Boring, Sagrasse](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2158058_1_grid.jpg)
![Print, Les Sabres, Arman](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/267775_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Horizon Metronome, Richard Dubure](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/14026_1_grid.jpg)
Horizon Metronome
Richard Dubure
Painting - 130 x 162 x 3 cm Painting - 51.2 x 63.8 x 1.2 inch
$6,040
![Print, Reflexions, Robert Barry](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/25648_1_grid.jpg)
![Sculpture, Short Story, Carlos Andrade](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2152086_1_grid.jpg)
![Sculpture, Fragmento III, Carlos Andrade](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2152085_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Frozen Color, Richard Szkutnik](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1884228_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Sous-bois, François-Xavier de Boissoudy](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2150499_1_grid.jpg)
Sous-bois
François-Xavier de Boissoudy
Painting - 125 x 125 x 4 cm Painting - 49.2 x 49.2 x 1.6 inch
$8,388
![Painting, L'Ecuyer / The Squire, Eric Khellas](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/162538_1_grid.jpg)
![Print, Mod, Yannis Kounellis](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/15844_1_grid.jpg)
![Print, Lanzarote 44, Miquel Barceló](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/256717_1_grid.jpg)
![Print, The Breasts En, Sophie Calle](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/227836_1_grid.jpg)
![Print, The plastic surgery En, Sophie Calle](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/227806_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Les musiciens d´acordéons, José Saboia](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2153309_1_grid.jpg)
Les musiciens d´acordéons
José Saboia
Painting - 33 x 41 x 2 cm Painting - 13 x 16.1 x 0.8 inch
$1,063
![Painting, Icarus 8, Edward Shahda](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/202996_1_grid.jpg)
![Photography, Les pigeons, Marcel Mariën](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/46830_1_grid.jpg)
![Photography, Le pied dé, Marcel Mariën](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/46390_1_grid.jpg)
![Photography, Kilian, Alexis Berg](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/174247_1_grid.jpg)
![Print, Wait for me En, Sophie Calle](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/227794_1_grid.jpg)
![Fine Art Drawings, Montre molle, Ray Smith](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2152841_1_grid.jpg)
Montre molle
Ray Smith
Fine Art Drawings - 27 x 37 x 0.1 cm Fine Art Drawings - 10.6 x 14.6 x 0 inch
$1,230
![Painting, Ohayo Mountain Series, Ford Crull](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1036206_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Hydra, Ford Crull](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1024002_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Mémoire dans l'eau 10T-IX, Akané Kirimura](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/258145_1_grid.jpg)
Mémoire dans l'eau 10T-IX
Akané Kirimura
Painting - 80 x 60 x 1 cm Painting - 31.5 x 23.6 x 0.4 inch
$4,698
![Photography, Untitled #42, Josef Nadj](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/15541_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Setonix brachyurus, Sailev](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2136126_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Place de Bellecour, Lyon, Phil](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2140177_1_grid.jpg)
![Print, X-men Tornade - Storm, John Matos Crash](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/57369_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Sans titre, Eugenia Jaeger](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/267367_1_grid.jpg)
![Photography, Self portrait #21, Cody Choi](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/216436_1_grid.jpg)
![Photography, Self portrait #22, Cody Choi](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/216433_1_grid.jpg)
![Photography, Self portrait #24, Cody Choi](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/216415_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Grâce immolée, Philippe Huart](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/77422_1_grid.jpg)
![Sculpture, Plasma Tube, Laurent Lamarche](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/198292_1_grid.jpg)
![Sculpture, Fossile Pétri 3, Laurent Lamarche](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/198283_1_grid.jpg)
Fossile Pétri 3
Laurent Lamarche
Sculpture - 41 x 41 x 2 cm Sculpture - 16.1 x 16.1 x 0.8 inch
$2,349
![Fine Art Drawings, Sans titre, Pierre Segoh](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/182329_1_grid.jpg)
![Sculpture, Chien Parisien, Joanna Glazer](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/18104_1_grid.jpg)
![Sculpture, Manchas de luz I, Ana María Nava](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/101692_1_grid.jpg)
Manchas de luz I
Ana María Nava
Sculpture - 50 x 50 x 30 cm Sculpture - 19.7 x 19.7 x 11.8 inch
$7,773
![Painting, Confrontació V/09, Josep María Codina](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/45952_1_grid.jpg)
Confrontació V/09
Josep María Codina
Painting - 82 x 100 x 15 cm Painting - 32.3 x 39.4 x 5.9 inch
$4,608
![Painting, Relief, Jean Legros](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/198838_1_grid.jpg)
![Print, Untitled 29, Albert Ràfols-Casamada](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/16966_1_grid.jpg)
![Print, Zirkulationszeit: Kopf H.B. , Joseph Beuys](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/16074_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Saut 1, Agathe Wagner](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/105205_1_grid.jpg)
![Photography, Sans titre 2, Thierry Valencin](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/9285_1_grid.jpg)
Sans titre 2
Thierry Valencin
Photography - 32 x 40 x 3 cm Photography - 12.6 x 15.7 x 1.2 inch
$1,096
![Painting, Vivid 21, Orit Fuchs](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2152787_1_grid.jpg)
![Photography, Above the Clouds #3, Cody Choi](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/195031_1_grid.jpg)
Above the Clouds #3
Cody Choi
Photography - 76.2 x 101.6 x 0.1 cm Photography - 30 x 40 x 0 inch
$867
![Photography, Sillage #4, Cody Choi](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/195019_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Empire State, Alain Bertrand](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/135520_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Between The Light - Neon Lemon V1, Sophie Derrick](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/284134_1_grid.jpg)
Between The Light - Neon Lemon V1
Sophie Derrick
Painting - 180 x 120 x 5 cm Painting - 70.9 x 47.2 x 2 inch
$11,254
![Painting, Between The Light - Titanium on Viridian V1 Edit, Sophie Derrick](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/284128_1_grid.jpg)
Between The Light - Titanium on Viridian V1 Edit
Sophie Derrick
Painting - 180 x 120 x 5 cm Painting - 70.9 x 47.2 x 2 inch
$11,254
![Print, Esku XXVIII, Eduardo Chillida](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/180031_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Tre cavalli in corsa, Gianfranco Migliozzi](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/179509_1_grid.jpg)
Tre cavalli in corsa
Gianfranco Migliozzi
Painting - 100 x 120 x 15 cm Painting - 39.4 x 47.2 x 5.9 inch
$2,796
![Painting, Ex Natura II, Diane de Cicco](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1358781_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Migration, Diane de Cicco](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1358769_1_grid.jpg)
![Fine Art Drawings, Nurse and dog, Ray Smith](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2152861_1_grid.jpg)
Nurse and dog
Ray Smith
Fine Art Drawings - 27 x 37 x 0.1 cm Fine Art Drawings - 10.6 x 14.6 x 0 inch
$1,230
![Painting, Lair O' the Bear, Richard Szkutnik](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1884576_1_grid.jpg)
Lair O' the Bear
Richard Szkutnik
Painting - 27.9 x 35.6 x 0.5 cm Painting - 11 x 14 x 0.2 inch
$730
![Sculpture, Drap éponge, Christian Renonciat](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1756578_1_grid.jpg)
![Sculpture, Carton horizon, Christian Renonciat](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1756572_1_grid.jpg)
Carton horizon
Christian Renonciat
Sculpture - 40 x 93 x 5.5 cm Sculpture - 15.7 x 36.6 x 2.2 inch
$8,388
![Painting, Espace libre 17/A, Pierre Le Preux](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/115558_1_grid.jpg)
![Sculpture, L'Art de Crâner, JP Malot](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/167791_1_grid.jpg)
![Fine Art Drawings, Observation, Eugenia Jaeger](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/267115_1_grid.jpg)
![Fine Art Drawings, Sans titre, Menachem Gueffen](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2153307_1_grid.jpg)
Sans titre
Menachem Gueffen
Fine Art Drawings - 40 x 28 x 1 cm Fine Art Drawings - 15.7 x 11 x 0.4 inch
$872
![Photography, Sans titre 2, Aurélie Sarramon](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/169747_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Rare ‘fragments collection’, Sandra Szaja](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1222830_1_grid.jpg)
Rare ‘fragments collection’
Sandra Szaja
Painting - 100 x 73 x 2 cm Painting - 39.4 x 28.7 x 0.8 inch
$16,218
![Painting, Golden desert of Dubai, Sandra Szaja](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1102290_1_grid.jpg)
Golden desert of Dubai
Sandra Szaja
Painting - 130 x 100 x 3 cm Painting - 51.2 x 39.4 x 1.2 inch
$10,066
![Sculpture, Eucaryota Chromosoïc, Laurent Lamarche](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/198259_1_grid.jpg)
Eucaryota Chromosoïc
Laurent Lamarche
Sculpture - 20 x 15 x 13 cm Sculpture - 7.9 x 5.9 x 5.1 inch
$2,684
![Sculpture, Trinika, Laurent Lamarche](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/198253_1_grid.jpg)
![Sculpture, Chromo in Vitro, Laurent Lamarche](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/198238_1_grid.jpg)
Chromo in Vitro
Laurent Lamarche
Sculpture - 25.5 x 25.5 x 13 cm Sculpture - 10 x 10 x 5.1 inch
$2,684
![Painting, Nuage fine, San Zi](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/166012_1_grid.jpg)
![Fine Art Drawings, Etude de la place, Eugenia Jaeger](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/267118_1_grid.jpg)
Etude de la place
Eugenia Jaeger
Fine Art Drawings - 42 x 59 cm Fine Art Drawings - 16.5 x 23.2 inch
$783
![Painting, Chard yellow, Edo Kaaij](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1730454_1_grid.jpg)
![Print, Paysage intime-V, Akané Kirimura](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/98494_1_grid.jpg)
![Photography, 3 - La montée de Persephone, Mita Vostok](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/259135_1_grid.jpg)
3 - La montée de Persephone
Mita Vostok
Photography - 60 x 40 x 1 cm Photography - 23.6 x 15.7 x 0.4 inch
$895
![Photography, 2 - Les âges de la vie - Naguère, Mita Vostok](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/259123_1_grid.jpg)
2 - Les âges de la vie - Naguère
Mita Vostok
Photography - 60 x 40 x 1 cm Photography - 23.6 x 15.7 x 0.4 inch
$895
![Photography, 2- Le rapt de Persephone, Mita Vostok](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/259117_1_grid.jpg)
2- Le rapt de Persephone
Mita Vostok
Photography - 60 x 40 x 1 cm Photography - 23.6 x 15.7 x 0.4 inch
$895
![Sculpture, Pantie Can, Cal Lane](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/177757_1_grid.jpg)
![Sculpture, Pantie Can, Cal Lane](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/177754_1_grid.jpg)
![Print, Paysage intime-VI, Akané Kirimura](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/98497_1_grid.jpg)
White
In physics, white is the sum of all the colours. To the human eye, white appears to be the total absence of colour. Amongst artists, white and its many uses in art are continuously evolving and challenging those who would embrace them. Is white, then, a non-colour, or an enhancer of colours? Intangible or material? Absence or excess?
Since Antiquity, white has been appreciated for its symbolic value. In Ancient Greece, where they would paint their statues, it was a sign of incompletion, whereas the Romans believed it showed pomp and imperialist virtue. With the rise of Christianity, white was used in opposition to black in order to emphasise moral dichotomies: the pure, divine white against the darkness. In some cases, however, white was used to show sickness or death, most notably in the pallid representations of the skeletal, crucified Christ.
In the Renaissance white was used to sublimate faces and backgrounds. Da Vinci even based his sfumato technique on the soft transition from light into darkness. Throughout the history of painting, white was considered precious for its ability to reflect light. It attracts the gaze even when used in the tiniest quantities, and illuminates the subject, drawing out stunning contrasts as seen in the works of Rembrandt, or in Vermeer's famous Girl with the Pearl Earring.
With the rise of Impressionism, white was used as the brightest tone amongst shades of grey. While Manet produced canvases which were forerunners to monochromes, including The Reader, which was almost pure white, Monet delivered a stunning gradient of whites whilst recreating the snow at his home in Giverny. The first true white monochrome appeared with the arrival of Malevitch's White Square on a White Background. The artist said 'I have broken the blue boundary of colour limits, and come out into the white'.
Modernists were equally passionate about white and valued it incredibly highly. Miro in particular questioned the status of white on canvases. In his painting Woman, Bird and Star white is in parts boldly painted, but is also distinctive for its absence around the star. Picasso, on the other hand, explored white in conjunction with his famous coloured periods. Piero Manzoni became famous thanks to his 'achromatic' paintings, a series of canvases produced exclusively in shades of white. Moving into the 20th century, white became synonymous with minimalist abstraction. For artists like Kandinsky, white was a cosmic colour, associated with a spiritual search for the absolute, guiding the artists as he seek to express his emotions.
Today, white remains an ever popular subject. Roman Opalka made his name creating a series of white numbers of a white background, while Daniel Arsham reinvents white walls in galleries by letting his artwork drip down onto them. White is a colour with multiple symbolic interpretations. The colour of divinity or humility; of purity and immaculate, of emptiness and absence, but always colour. If blue has Klein and red has Rothko, it appears that no artist has yet succeeded in fully mastering white – but maybe you'll find them in our selection!