Zao Wou-Ki

Zao Wou-Ki was born on February 13, 1921, in Beijing. Coming from a family of esteemed scholars, he spent his early years studying calligraphy before enrolling at the Hangzhou School of Fine Arts in 1935. There, he mastered both traditional Chinese painting and Western techniques, later becoming a professor from 1941 to 1947. In 1948, at the age of 27, he moved to France, settling in Montparnasse, Paris, where he studied under Émile Othon Friesz at the Académie de la Grande-Chaumière. He quickly became part of the post-war artistic circles, forging connections with Sam Francis, Jean-Paul Riopelle, Pierre Soulages, Hans Hartung, Alberto Giacometti, and Maria Helena Vieira da Silva. In 1950, poet Henri Michaux wrote an essay about his first lithographs, marking the beginning of Zao Wou-Ki's recognition in the European art scene.

In recent years, Zao Wou-Ki's work has continued to gain international acclaim, with record-breaking auction sales and major retrospectives. In 2024 and 2025, his artistic legacy is being celebrated with a series of exhibitions. From March 2 to May 26, 2024, Les Franciscaines in Deauville presents Zao Wou-Ki – Les allées d'un autre monde, a retrospective focusing on the last three decades of his creative journey. His paintings remain in high demand among collectors, with his large-scale works commanding top prices at global auctions. Museums worldwide, including the Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris, continue to showcase his masterful compositions, highlighting his enduring influence on contemporary abstraction.

His early work bore the influence of Paul Klee, but he soon moved toward abstraction, creating vast compositions where masses of color seemed to emerge from an almost cosmic void. His paintings, often titled after their completion dates, became known for their fluid interplay of light and space, blending Eastern artistic philosophy with the expressive force of Western abstraction. Throughout his career, Zao Wou-Ki experimented with oil painting, printmaking, and ink painting, continuously refining his techniques. In 1964, he was naturalized as a French citizen, with the support of André Malraux. By the 1980s, his reputation was firmly established—he became a professor of mural painting at the École Nationale Supérieure des Arts Décoratifs and was honored with the title of Officier de la Légion d'Honneur in 1984. In China, where his work was once censored, he was eventually recognized as a leading figure in modern art and invited to teach at the Hangzhou School of Fine Arts. His unique fusion of lyrical abstraction and traditional Chinese aesthetics earned him a place in the Académie des Beaux-Arts in 2002.