White

In physics, white is the sum of all the colours. To the human eye, white appears to be the total absence of colour. Amongst artists, white and its many uses in art are continuously evolving and challenging those who would embrace them. Is white, then, a non-colour, or an enhancer of colours? Intangible or material? Absence or excess?

Since Antiquity, white has been appreciated for its symbolic value. In Ancient Greece, where they would paint their statues, it was a sign of incompletion, whereas the Romans believed it showed pomp and imperialist virtue. With the rise of Christianity, white was used in opposition to black in order to emphasise moral dichotomies: the pure, divine white against the darkness. In some cases, however, white was used to show sickness or death, most notably in the pallid representations of the skeletal, crucified Christ.

In the Renaissance white was used to sublimate faces and backgrounds. Da Vinci even based his sfumato technique on the soft transition from light into darkness. Throughout the history of painting, white was considered precious for its ability to reflect light. It attracts the gaze even when used in the tiniest quantities, and illuminates the subject, drawing out stunning contrasts as seen in the works of Rembrandt, or in Vermeer's famous Girl with the Pearl Earring.

With the rise of Impressionism, white was used as the brightest tone amongst shades of grey. While Manet produced canvases which were forerunners to monochromes, including The Reader, which was almost pure white, Monet delivered a stunning gradient of whites whilst recreating the snow at his home in Giverny. The first true white monochrome appeared with the arrival of Malevitch's White Square on a White Background. The artist said 'I have broken the blue boundary of colour limits, and come out into the white'.

Modernists were equally passionate about white and valued it incredibly highly. Miro in particular questioned the status of white on canvases. In his painting Woman, Bird and Star white is in parts boldly painted, but is also distinctive for its absence around the star. Picasso, on the other hand, explored white in conjunction with his famous coloured periods. Piero Manzoni became famous thanks to his 'achromatic' paintings, a series of canvases produced exclusively in shades of white. Moving into the 20th century, white became synonymous with minimalist abstraction. For artists like Kandinsky, white was a cosmic colour, associated with a spiritual search for the absolute, guiding the artists as he seek to express his emotions.

Today, white remains an ever popular subject. Roman Opalka made his name creating a series of white numbers of a white background, while Daniel Arsham reinvents white walls in galleries by letting his artwork drip down onto them. White is a colour with multiple symbolic interpretations. The colour of divinity or humility; of purity and immaculate, of emptiness and absence, but always colour. If blue has Klein and red has Rothko, it appears that no artist has yet succeeded in fully mastering white – but maybe you'll find them in our selection!

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White

20 de 2024

87

Rise with the breeze

Tainted Love

11 de 2002

Des Rêves Sans Fin

May I have your attention?

Miss Aubade, I love this Woman

Impossible behaviour - 12

Harlequin

Opera Grafica 1

No31 Spirit Series

Le joyeux

F0648 - The warrior

Inside

13 de 2002

Sans titre

Domaine Faiveley bleu

Domaine Faiveley

N 124

La porte de l'univers

Les Sept Péchés Capitaux

Dancing Couple

Le sein de lait

Orientations of the night II

Orientations of the night I

Sèrie Trànsits I

Les Sept Péchés Capitaux

Les Sept Péchés Capitaux (5)

Le Temps Menaçant

Entrelacés

92

49

Le lit

Marianne Angel

Relentless - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative Portrait, Horse, Cowboy, Man

More sketches of Spain - For Miles Davis 6

Nu de dos

Sans titre

Aux source du rêve

Four sculptures. The In Light of Her Series. Porcelain

Six Sculptures From the Historic Jar Series

Hip Hop

Ronde rouge

They didn't teach me how to be loved

Le p'tit pull

El Bolso

Two sculptures. The Historic Jar Series

Marilyn. La sortie de bain. (1945)

78

Torse, Fond à Losanges

Sensual woman

Made In Japan

No43 Spirit Series

Smoking Away - Size M

Fusion blanche

Divertissement #1

Queen of Carlsberg

Croquis au Musée

La Faille

Saint-Tropez

Sunbathing In Antibes - Limited Edition Estate Print

Female Nude

Hercule & Squuzing Spray

Figure assise, le bras droit appuye sur une table (Seated Figure)

Desperate Housewives II (Wonder Woman)