China, Inner Mongolia - Horse training for the militia, Circa 1979

Eve Arnold  

Eve Arnold (born April 21, 1912 in Philadelphia and died January 4, 2012 in London) is an American photographer and photojournalist. Eve Arnold studied photography from 1947 to 1948 at the New School in New York. She was the second collaborator of the Magnum agency, the first being Gisèle Freund, who joined the agency in 1948. She joined the Magnum Photo agency in 1951 and became a full member in 1957. Eve Arnold was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, her parents are Russian-Jewish immigrants, William (Velvel born Sklarski), rabbi, and Bessie Cohen (Bosya born Laschiner). She comes from a family of 9 children Her interest in photography began in 1946, when she worked for a photo factory in New York. She briefly acquired photographic skills in 1948 from Harper's Bazaar art director, Alexey Brodovitch, at the New School for Social Research in Manhattan. Arnold is best known for her photographs of Marilyn Monroe in her last film Les Désaxés (1961), but she took many pictures of Monroe as early as 1951. An exhibition of these previously invisible photos was shown at the Peaceful Gallery in London. in May 2005. Marilyn trusted Arnold more than any other photographer. Arnold not only photographed celebrities like Queen Elizabeth II, Malcolm X and Joan Crawford, but she has traveled the world, photographing in China, Russia, South Africa and Afghanistan. [Ref. needed] In 1980, she had her first exhibition, which showed her photographic work done in China at the Brooklyn Museum in New York. That same year, she received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Society of Magazine Photographers. In 1995, she was made an honorary member of the Royal Photographic Society and elected Master Photographer by the International Center of Photography in New York. She also did a series of portraits of the women of American Presidents. Arnold left the United States in the early 1960s with his son, Francis, moving to England, which eventually became his adopted country. She worked there for the Sunday Times, and began to seriously use color as a medium for photography.