In the past, African art has often taken the form of statues, bas-reliefs and objects, contemporary African painting is very diverse. Closely linked to symbolism, African painting stands out because of the frequent use of very pronounced lines and perfect symmetry. Body painting is also common in African countries, but the continent is also home to wooden objects from the 10th century and bronze statues dating from the 14th century.
Today, many African works of art belong to private collectors. The importance of African artwork, which is often anonymous, is underestimated in France. However, knowledge was passed down in a very similar way to the European process: through workshops. Although workshops were perhaps more often based on familial ties in Africa than in Europe. The name of the studio is often more well-known than that of the artist. Although works of art aren't necessarily signed, artists can leave their own distinct mark on them.
Many historical works were created within the context of the ritual and religion and often the objects created would have been seen as sacred. Their primary purpose was not commercial nor aesthetic.
Contemporary art has evolved considerably in Africa, especially in countries such as South Africa, where many a number of cultural institutions and galleries have sprung up. Contemporary African paintings, often tinged with humour, can act as summaries for the problems present on the African continent, from colonisation to the social and economic instability of certain countries, but they can also depict Africa as exceptional, colourful and joyful where each country has a strong and distinct culture.
Europe has gradually become more familiar with African art, showcasing contemporary artists such as the South African William Kentridge, Jacob Hendrik Pierneef, Julie Mehretu, Chéri Samba, Paul du Toit, Omar Ba, Wangechi Mutu, Meleko Mokgosi, Lynette Yiadom Boakye, Kemang Wa and others.