White

In physics, white is the sum of all the colours. To the human eye, white appears to be the total absence of colour. Amongst artists, white and its many uses in art are continuously evolving and challenging those who would embrace them. Is white, then, a non-colour, or an enhancer of colours? Intangible or material? Absence or excess?

Since Antiquity, white has been appreciated for its symbolic value. In Ancient Greece, where they would paint their statues, it was a sign of incompletion, whereas the Romans believed it showed pomp and imperialist virtue. With the rise of Christianity, white was used in opposition to black in order to emphasise moral dichotomies: the pure, divine white against the darkness. In some cases, however, white was used to show sickness or death, most notably in the pallid representations of the skeletal, crucified Christ.

In the Renaissance white was used to sublimate faces and backgrounds. Da Vinci even based his sfumato technique on the soft transition from light into darkness. Throughout the history of painting, white was considered precious for its ability to reflect light. It attracts the gaze even when used in the tiniest quantities, and illuminates the subject, drawing out stunning contrasts as seen in the works of Rembrandt, or in Vermeer's famous Girl with the Pearl Earring.

With the rise of Impressionism, white was used as the brightest tone amongst shades of grey. While Manet produced canvases which were forerunners to monochromes, including The Reader, which was almost pure white, Monet delivered a stunning gradient of whites whilst recreating the snow at his home in Giverny. The first true white monochrome appeared with the arrival of Malevitch's White Square on a White Background. The artist said 'I have broken the blue boundary of colour limits, and come out into the white'.

 

Modernists were equally passionate about white and valued it incredibly highly. Miro in particular questioned the status of white on canvases. In his painting Woman, Bird and Star white is in parts boldly painted, but is also distinctive for its absence around the star. Picasso, on the other hand, explored white in conjunction with his famous coloured periods. Piero Manzoni became famous thanks to his 'achromatic' paintings, a series of canvases produced exclusively in shades of white. Moving into the 20th century, white became synonymous with minimalist abstraction. For artists like Kandinsky, white was a cosmic colour, associated with a spiritual search for the absolute, guiding the artists as he seek to express his emotions.  

 

Today, white remains an ever popular subject. Roman Opalka made his name creating a series of white numbers of a white background, while Daniel Arsham reinvents white walls in galleries by letting his artwork drip down onto them. White is a colour with multiple symbolic interpretations. The colour of divinity or humility; of purity and immaculate, of emptiness and absence, but always colour. If blue has Klein and red has Rothko, it appears that no artist has yet succeeded in fully mastering white – but maybe you'll find them in our selection!


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Photography, Renewal, Mario Tarantino

Mario Tarantino

Photography . 90 x 70 x 0.3 cm Photography . 35.4 x 27.6 x 0.1 inch

€640

Photography, Mirage, Jean-Pierre Fleury

Jean-Pierre Fleury

Photography . 100 x 100 cm Photography . 39.4 x 39.4 inch

€2,460

Photography, Smoke Mouth, Tyler Shields

Tyler Shields

Photography . 45.7 x 45.7 cm Photography . 18 x 18 inch

€2,229

Photography, Une nuit pluvieuse, Feng Hatat

Feng Hatat

Photography . 45 x 30 x 1 cm Photography . 17.7 x 11.8 x 0.4 inch

€600

Photography, Glitter Pill, Tyler Shields

Tyler Shields

Photography . 45.7 x 45.7 cm Photography . 18 x 18 inch

€2,229

Photography, Kad Merad, Franck Leclerc

Franck Leclerc

Photography . 60 x 50 x 1 cm Photography . 23.6 x 19.7 x 0.4 inch

€690

Photography, Betta BW 44, Michael Filonow

Michael Filonow

Photography . 61 x 91.4 x 0.3 cm Photography . 24 x 36 x 0.1 inch

€504

Photography, Alek Wek, Thierry Le Gouès

Thierry Le Gouès

Photography . 50 x 40 x 0.1 cm Photography . 19.7 x 15.7 x 0 inch

€4,200

Photography, Palpable, Amrita Bilimoria

Amrita Bilimoria

Photography . 63.5 x 72.6 x 0.5 cm Photography . 25 x 28.6 x 0.2 inch

€1,649

Photography, Intervals 4., Petr Strnad

Petr Strnad

Photography . 30 x 40 x 0.1 cm Photography . 11.8 x 15.7 x 0 inch

€320

Photography, Island, Victoire d'Harcourt

Victoire d'Harcourt

Photography . 80 x 120 x 3 cm Photography . 31.5 x 47.2 x 1.2 inch

€3,200

Photography, Moon2, Bridgeman

Bridgeman

Photography . 20 x 30 x 0.1 cm Photography . 7.9 x 11.8 x 0 inch

€240

Photography, City Range #57, Petr Strnad

Petr Strnad

Photography . 30 x 40 x 0.1 cm Photography . 11.8 x 15.7 x 0 inch

€320

Photography, City Range #46, Petr Strnad

Petr Strnad

Photography . 40 x 30 x 0.1 cm Photography . 15.7 x 11.8 x 0 inch

€320

Photography, Sérénité, Samzaï

Samzaï

Photography . 50 x 76 x 1 cm Photography . 19.7 x 29.9 x 0.4 inch

€390

Photography, Julia, Andreas Sundgren

Andreas Sundgren

Photography . 140 x 105 x 0.1 cm Photography . 55.1 x 41.3 x 0 inch

€3,161

Painting, Ghost I, Michael Grine

Michael Grine

Painting . 22.9 x 30.5 x 0 cm Painting . 9 x 12 x 0.01 inch

€267

Painting, Box, Michael Grine

Box

Michael Grine

Painting . 22.9 x 30.5 x 0 cm Painting . 9 x 12 x 0.01 inch

€267

Painting, Isotope, Michael Grine

Michael Grine

Painting . 45.7 x 61 x 1.9 cm Painting . 18 x 24 x 0.75 inch

€267

Photography, Water scar, Emanuel Gravina

Emanuel Gravina

Photography . 40 x 57.4 cm Photography . 15.7 x 22.6 inch

€500

Photography, Kim Gordon, Renaud Monfourny

Renaud Monfourny

Photography . 90 x 60 cm Photography . 35.4 x 23.6 inch

€3,800

Photography, Deep soul 88, Laurence Verney

Laurence Verney

Photography . 80 x 82 x 0.5 cm Photography . 31.5 x 32.3 x 0.2 inch

€2,100

Photography, Tone, Tyler Shields

Tyler Shields

Photography . 57.2 x 76.2 cm Photography . 22.5 x 30 inch

€4,457

Photography, Agnès Varda, Franck Leclerc

Franck Leclerc

Photography . 60 x 50 x 1 cm Photography . 23.6 x 19.7 x 0.4 inch

€690

Photography, Cloud, Amrita Bilimoria

Amrita Bilimoria

Photography . 45.7 x 45.7 x 0.5 cm Photography . 18 x 18 x 0.2 inch

€1,605

Photography, La Force, Regis Duvignau

Regis Duvignau

Photography . 115 x 64 x 2 cm Photography . 45.3 x 25.2 x 0.8 inch

€1,800

Photography, Deep soul 82, Laurence Verney

Laurence Verney

Photography . 70 x 81 x 0.5 cm Photography . 27.6 x 31.9 x 0.2 inch

€2,000

Painting, Nuage fine, San Zi

San Zi

Painting . 70 x 90 x 2 cm Painting . 27.6 x 35.4 x 0.8 inch

€10,713

Photography, Portrait #8, D-A Woisard

D-A Woisard

Photography . 50 x 40 cm Photography . 19.7 x 15.7 inch

€800

Photography, Pierre Arditi, Franck Leclerc

Franck Leclerc

Photography . 60 x 50 x 1 cm Photography . 23.6 x 19.7 x 0.4 inch

€690

Photography, Mont Blanc, Eric Bouvet

Eric Bouvet

Photography . 40 x 60 x 5 cm Photography . 15.7 x 23.6 x 2 inch

€1,800