White

In physics, white is the sum of all the colours. To the human eye, white appears to be the total absence of colour. Amongst artists, white and its many uses in art are continuously evolving and challenging those who would embrace them. Is white, then, a non-colour, or an enhancer of colours? Intangible or material? Absence or excess?

Since Antiquity, white has been appreciated for its symbolic value. In Ancient Greece, where they would paint their statues, it was a sign of incompletion, whereas the Romans believed it showed pomp and imperialist virtue. With the rise of Christianity, white was used in opposition to black in order to emphasise moral dichotomies: the pure, divine white against the darkness. In some cases, however, white was used to show sickness or death, most notably in the pallid representations of the skeletal, crucified Christ.

In the Renaissance white was used to sublimate faces and backgrounds. Da Vinci even based his sfumato technique on the soft transition from light into darkness. Throughout the history of painting, white was considered precious for its ability to reflect light. It attracts the gaze even when used in the tiniest quantities, and illuminates the subject, drawing out stunning contrasts as seen in the works of Rembrandt, or in Vermeer's famous Girl with the Pearl Earring.

With the rise of Impressionism, white was used as the brightest tone amongst shades of grey. While Manet produced canvases which were forerunners to monochromes, including The Reader, which was almost pure white, Monet delivered a stunning gradient of whites whilst recreating the snow at his home in Giverny. The first true white monochrome appeared with the arrival of Malevitch's White Square on a White Background. The artist said 'I have broken the blue boundary of colour limits, and come out into the white'.

Modernists were equally passionate about white and valued it incredibly highly. Miro in particular questioned the status of white on canvases. In his painting Woman, Bird and Star white is in parts boldly painted, but is also distinctive for its absence around the star. Picasso, on the other hand, explored white in conjunction with his famous coloured periods. Piero Manzoni became famous thanks to his 'achromatic' paintings, a series of canvases produced exclusively in shades of white. Moving into the 20th century, white became synonymous with minimalist abstraction. For artists like Kandinsky, white was a cosmic colour, associated with a spiritual search for the absolute, guiding the artists as he seek to express his emotions.

Today, white remains an ever popular subject. Roman Opalka made his name creating a series of white numbers of a white background, while Daniel Arsham reinvents white walls in galleries by letting his artwork drip down onto them. White is a colour with multiple symbolic interpretations. The colour of divinity or humility; of purity and immaculate, of emptiness and absence, but always colour. If blue has Klein and red has Rothko, it appears that no artist has yet succeeded in fully mastering white – but maybe you'll find them in our selection!

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White

Bec tiroir

Ours polaire assis (pm) 7/8

Bouquet de pivoines

Next

Re-bonjour

Des hommes et des dieux

The Perks of the Leader

Home

Gull 2 (Ahab)

Dionysix

Gardin o Gardin

Jeune fille cueillant des fleurs

Et je danse

Douce Margaux N° 4

Isabeller's hat

Working Place

Night

Rhinocéros et éléphants

The nigth

Self-blame

Nature morte à la figue - Monde animalier et nature

Le Ring - Scène de vie figurative sur le thème de l'enfance

Lapin

Venin

Portrait tranche

Portrait of Margarita (Series Silver is your name)

An Image from the Past (Based on A. Dumas's The Three Musketeers)

Pedaling through the past

Energy dance. White ceramic sculpture of a woman. Energy lines.

Energy dance. White ceramic sculpture of a woman. Between the palms.

Sans titre

Academy

Appareil photo Minolta

Walking seagulls

Wet dog 3

Copines

Inner Sanctum

Horse in Blue

Paisatge

Moon - Little visitor

Claude - Visage figuratif laine feutrée

Ernest - Visage figuratif laine feutrée

The Taste of Touch

Intro do Ray as Ray

L'inconnu

Sans titre

Christ image de marque

Eden

Prince of Arctic

La chemise blanche

Albino

Les jouets du philosophe

Hanging axumite red

Hermès

Players

AhamBrahmasmi (I am Divine). Drawings From the covid diaries series

Emma

Albatros en vol

Through pink glasses

Sans titre

Wall of Quiet

Le grand Saut

Ballet 11

Cougar Skull

Lylya

Thoughts set free 2